Urinary Incontinence⚡Mnemonic⚡

Causes of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “DOLPHINS”
  • D – Detrusor overactivity
  • O – Obesity
  • L – Limited mobility
  • P – Prostate issues (in men)
  • H – Hormonal changes (especially in women)
  • I – Infections (urinary tract infections)
  • N – Neurological disorders
  • S – Structural abnormalities

Triggers for Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “PENGUINS”
  • P – Physical stress (like coughing, sneezing)
  • E – Excessive fluid intake
  • N – Neurological triggers (like multiple sclerosis)
  • G – Geriatric age
  • U – Urinary tract infection
  • I – Intake of diuretics
  • N – Nocturnal enuresis triggers
  • S – Sedentary lifestyle

Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “TIGERS”
  • T – Trauma (especially pelvic)
  • I – Increased age
  • G – Gender (more common in females)
  • E – Excess weight
  • R – Reproductive history (like childbirth)
  • S – Smoking

Warning Signs of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “WOLVES”
  • W – Wetting clothes frequently
  • O – Overactive bladder
  • L – Leakage when coughing or sneezing
  • V – Very frequent urination
  • E – Emergency feeling for urination
  • S – Sleep disturbances due to urge to urinate

Predisposing Factors of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “ELEPHANTS”
  • E – Estrogen deficiency
  • L – Limited physical activity
  • E – Excess weight
  • P – Pregnancy and childbirth
  • H – Hysterectomy
  • A – Aging
  • N – Neurological conditions (like stroke)
  • T – Trauma to the pelvic area
  • S – Surgery related to the pelvis

Signs & Symptoms of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “CATS”
  • C – Constant dribbling of urine
  • A – Accidental leakage
  • T – Toilet trips frequent
  • S – Sudden urge to urinate

Characteristic Findings In Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “BEARS”
  • B – Bladder control loss
  • E – Enuresis (bed-wetting)
  • A – Anatomical changes post-surgery
  • R – Reduced urethral closure pressure
  • S – Stress-induced leakage

Clinical Features of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “FISH”
  • F – Frequency of urination increased
  • I – Involuntary leakage
  • S – Stress incontinence
  • H – Hesitation before stream starts

What Should Be Avoided In Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “PARROTS”
  • P – Prostate irritants (for men)
  • A – Alcohol
  • R – Restricted toilet access
  • R – Running without pelvic floor strengthening
  • O – Overconsumption of fluids
  • T – Tobacco use
  • S – Spicy foods

Drugs Used To Treat Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “DOVES”
  • D – Duloxetine (for stress incontinence)
  • O – Oxybutynin (anticholinergic)
  • V – Vasopressin analogs
  • E – Estrogen (topical for post-menopausal women)
  • S – Solifenacin (anticholinergic)

Drugs To Avoid In Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “HAWKS”
  • H – Hypertensives that increase urine production
  • A – Alcohol
  • W – Water pills (diuretics)
  • K – Sedatives
  • S – Stimulants

Radiological Features of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “OWL”
  • O – Organ prolapse (visible on pelvic MRI)
  • W – Wall thickness of bladder (via ultrasound)
  • L – Loss of the normal anatomic position of bladder or urethra

Diagnostic Tests for Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “RATS”
  • R – Residual urine measurement (post-void)
  • A – Analysis of urine (urinalysis)
  • T – Tests of bladder function (urodynamic tests)
  • S – Stress test (for stress incontinence)

Laboratory Findings In Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “MOLES”
  • M – Microscopic hematuria (if present)
  • O – Osmolarity of urine
  • L – Leukocyte esterase (indicating infection)
  • E – Elevated post-void residual volume
  • S – Sugar in urine (checking for diabetes)

Complications of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “FOXES”
  • F – Frequent urinary infections
  • O – Obstructive uropathy (if associated)
  • X – eXacerbation of skin conditions (like dermatitis)
  • E – Emotional distress
  • S – Social withdrawal

Differential Diagnosis of Urinary Incontinence

• Mnemonic: “JAGUAR”
  • J – Just bladder overactivity
  • A – Atrophic urethritis
  • G – Genital prolapse
  • U – Urinary tract infection
  • A – Anatomic abnormalities
  • R – Rectocele