Infective Endocarditis⚡Mnemonic⚡ : 100% Chance You Won’t Forget !

Causes of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: STREP

S – Staphylococcus aureus

T – Streptococcus viridans

R – Rare fungi

E – Enterococci

P – Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Triggers for Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: DENTAL

D – Dental procedures

E – Endoscopic procedures

N – Needle sharing (intravenous drug use)

T – Tattoos or piercings

A – Artificial heart valves

L – Lowered immune system

Risk Factors For Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: HEARTS

H – Heart valve disease

E – Existing heart damage

A – Artificial heart valves

R – Recent heart surgery

T – Intravenous drug use

S – Structural heart defects

Warning Signs of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: FEVER

F – Fever and chills

E – Emboli (stroke symptoms)

V – Vascular phenomena (Janeway lesions)

E – Elevated ESR or CRP

R – Roth spots in eyes

Predisposing Factors of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: DAMAGED

D – Dental problems

A – Artificial heart valves

M – Mitral valve prolapse

A – Age (older adults)

G – Genetic predisposition

E – Endocardial damage

D – Drug use (intravenous)

Signs & Symptoms of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: CHILLS

C – Chills and fever

H – Heart murmur

I – Intravenous drug use history

L – Lesions (Janeway, Osler’s nodes)

L – Lethargy and fatigue

S – Splinter hemorrhages

Characteristic Findings In Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: OSLER

O – Osler’s nodes

S – Splinter hemorrhages

L – Laneway lesions

E – Embolic phenomena

R – Roth’s spots

Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: MURMUR

M – Murmurs (new or changed)

U – Unexplained weight loss

R – Roth’s spots in eyes

M – Malaise and fatigue

U – Unusual heart sounds

R – Rheumatic phenomena

What Should Be Avoided In Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: RISKS

R – Rough dental procedures without antibiotics

I – Intravenous drug use

S – Skipping medication

K – Keeping poor dental hygiene

S – Stressful physical activity

Drugs Used To Treat Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: VANC

V – Vancomycin

A – Amoxicillin

N – Nafcillin

C – Ceftriaxone

Drugs To Avoid In Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: NOID

N – NSAIDs (can mask fever)

O – Oral anticoagulants (risk of hemorrhage)

I – Immunosuppressants

D – Diuretics (if not needed, as they can alter renal function)

Radiological Features of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: HEART SCAN

H – Heart enlargement

E – Echogenic material (valves)

A – Abscesses

R – Regurgitation signs

T – Thickened leaflets

S – Septal defects

C – Calcifications

A – Aneurysms

N – New valve deformities

Diagnostic Tests for Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: BEAT

B – Blood cultures

E – Echocardiogram

A – Anemia (CBC)

T – Temperature (fever monitoring)

Laboratory Findings In Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: CULTURE

C – CRP elevation

U – Urinalysis abnormalities

L – Leukocytosis

T – Thrombocytopenia

U – Urea elevation

R – Rheumatoid factor

E – Elevated ESR

Complications of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: HEART FAIL

H – Heart failure

E – Embolic events

A – Abscess formation

R – Renal failure

T – Toxic effects of prolonged antibiotic use

F – Fungal endocarditis

A – Aortic valve rupture

I – Inflammatory complications

L – Life-threatening arrhythmias

Differential Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis

Mnemonic: FEVER-MD

F – Fever of unknown origin

E – Embolic stroke

V – Vasculitis

E – Endocardial fibroelastosis

R – Rheumatic fever

M – Myocarditis

D – Drug fever