Adams–Oliver Syndrome Mnemonics [NEVER FORGET]

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These mnemonics about Adams-Oliver Syndrome (AOS) will be a helpful tool for medical and nursing students, as it will allow them to recall the most important aspects of  this syndrome quickly and easily.

Adams-Oliver Syndrome (AOS) is a very unusual genetic condition that causes facial and limb abnormalities throughout early development.

Combination of anomalies of the scalp and limbs, including loss of skin, hair, and/or bone (such as missing fingers or toes, abnormal growths, or fusion of fingers or toes). Even within families with the same genetic mutation, the severity of the illness might vary greatly from person to person.

Many genes, including ARHGAP31, DOCK6, RBPJ, EOGT, and NOTCH1, are mutated in people with AOS. These genes function in the signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as in the formation of blood vessels.

Some persons with AOS may also have heart issues, eye abnormalities, or developmental delays in addition to the limb and scalp abnormalities that are more commonly associated with the disorder.

Depending on the patient’s symptoms, AOS treatment may include surgical repair of the afflicted areas and/or management of any medical complications.

Adams–Oliver Syndrome Epidemiolgy Mnemonics :

Adams-Oliver Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the development of the limbs and scalp. Here are some mnemonics that may help you remember key epidemiological features of this condition:

3-3-3 Rule:

Prevalence of Adams-Oliver Syndrome is approximately 3 in 100,000 individuals

3 main features: scalp defects, limb abnormalities, and cardiovascular malformations

Onset usually occurs within the first 2-3 weeks of life

ABCDE:

Adams-Oliver Syndrome is Autosomal dominant

Birth defects include scalp and limb abnormalities,

Cardiovascular malformations

Developmental delay and Intellectual disability may occur

Ectodermal anomalies (e.g. nail dystrophy) may be present

 

FACES:

F: Fatal if severe cardiovascular malformations are present

A: Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern

C: Congenital scalp defects and limb abnormalities

E: Ectodermal abnormalities

S: Sporadic cases are more common than familial cases

 

Adams–Oliver Syndrome Risk Factors Mnemonics :

  • G – Genetic mutations
  • O – Occipital scalp defects
  • A – Advanced parental age at the time of conception
  • L – Limb anomalies
  • I – Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
  • F – Family history of the syndrome
  • E – Extra digits
  • C – Consanguinity (related parents)
  • A – Alcohol consumption during pregnancy
  • P – Prematurity
  • S – Smoking during pregnancy

Mnemonic: “GOAL IN LIFE CAPS“

 

Pathophysiology of Adams–Oliver Syndrome Mnemonics :

  • V – Vascular malformations
  • R – Rupture of blood vessels
  • L – Limb anomalies
  • T – Thrombosis of blood vessels
  • S – Scalp defects
  • D – Developmental delay

Mnemonic: “Vascular Rupture Leads To Scalp Defects”

 

Signs & Symptoms of Adams–Oliver Syndrome Mnemonics :

  • N – Nail anomalies (thick, ridged, or missing nails)
  • A – Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)
  • I – Intellectual disability
  • L – Limb anomalies (such as shortened or missing limbs)
  • H – Heart defects
  • E – Eye abnormalities (eg: retinal detachment)
  • A – Alopecia (hair loss)
  • D – Digital anomalies (extra, missing, or fused fingers or toes)
  • S – Scalp defects (missing skin or bones in the skull)

Mnemonic: “NAIL HEADS“

 

Tests used to diagnose Adams–Oliver Syndrome Mnemonic :

  • C – Chromosome analysis
  • R – Radiological imaging
  • A – Arteriography
  • N – Neurological assessment
  • I – Imaging of brain and spine
  • U – Ultrasound of the heart and abdomen
  • M – Molecular genetic testing

Mnemonic: “CRANIUM“

 

Differential Diagnosis Of Adams–Oliver Syndrome Mnemonic :

  • C – Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita
  • R – Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura
  • I – Incontinentia pigmenti
  • M – Maffucci syndrome
  • E – Epidermolysis bullosa
  • D – Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis
  • A – Aplasia cutis congenita
  • S – Sturge-Weber syndrome
  • H – Hirschsprung’s disease

Mnemonic: “CRIME DASHboard“

 

Most Common Complications Of Adams–Oliver Syndrome Mnemonic :

  • R – Respiratory distress
  • I – Infections
  • S – Seizures
  • K – Kidney problems
  • Y – Yielding wound healing
  • S – Skin lesions
  • C – Cardiac defects
  • A – Abnormal brain development
  • L – Learning difficulties
  • P – Pulmonary hypertension

Mnemonic: “RISKY SCALP“

 

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Dr. Arin Nandi

Passionate About Medical Science & Helping Future Doctors Achieve Top Ranks In Medical Exams. He is professionally a dentist as well as a public health expert from JIPMER working in govt.health department
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