⚡Mnemonic⚡: Causes of Otitis Media

M: Mucosal inflammation – Allergic reactions and non-infectious causes can lead to inflammation of the mucosal lining, contributing to Otitis Media.

O: Obstruction – Eustachian tube blockage, often due to adenoid hypertrophy, can prevent proper drainage, fostering conditions for Otitis Media.

I: Immune compromise – Weakened immune defenses, such as in HIV/AIDS or immunosuppressive therapy, make individuals more susceptible to Otitis Media.

S: Smoke exposure – Passive smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is a well-established risk factor for Otitis Media.

T: Tonsillar hypertrophy – Enlarged tonsils can obstruct the Eustachian tube, hindering normal ventilation and drainage.

E: Etiologic agents – Various pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis, can cause Otitis Media.

N: Nasopharyngeal reflux – Gastroesophageal reflux may introduce stomach contents into the nasopharynx, potentially leading to Otitis Media.

E: Eustachian tube dysfunction – Anatomic or functional issues with the Eustachian tube can contribute to the development of Otitis Media.

R: Respiratory infections – Viral upper respiratory infections, like the common cold, can pave the way for bacterial invasion and Otitis Media.